Deglacial trends in Indo-Pacific warm pool hydroclimate in an isotope-enabled Earth system model and implications for isotope-based paleoclimate reconstructions

The Indo-Pacific Warm Pool (IPWP) is the largest source of atmospheric heating and moisture on Earth, energizing global energy budgets controlling ocean-atmosphere circulation. However, mechanisms driving orbital-scale changes in hydroclimate proxy records precipitation isotopic composition remain poorly known. Here, we use isotope-enabled Transient Climate Evolution (iTRACE) experiment to investigate long-term isotope IPWP during last deglaciation, their response different climate forcings (sea level ice sheet, greenhouse gases, orbital forcing, meltwater flux). simulations suggest land-sea configuration as main factor changes. exposure NW Australian shelf (before 14 ka) excited Bjerknes feedbacks across equatorial Indian Ocean (IO), leading a warm/wet western IO cool/dry eastern dipole pattern, with overall drying more enriched compositions over Maritime Continent. exposed Sunda Shelf body Sahul 12 experienced locally dry conditions but depleted compositions. Greenhouse gases forcing contribute weaker pattern that opposes effects exposure. Different regions within have simulated sensitivities these forcings. heterogeneous responses Continent location-dependent relationships between its result from variety regional climatological processes may explain heterogeneity around IPWP.